Apple has long enjoyed the reputation of making a computing platform that provides security protection that is superior to its peers—in a word, Microsoft. The emergence of a group of malicious software (malware) programs in recent months—collectively known as Flashback or Flashfake—that specifically target Macs and their OS X operating system now has Apple in the unfamiliar position of being on the defensive.
Written as a Trojan horse program, Flashback has infected hundreds of thousands of Macs to date, allowing cyber criminals to steal information from those computers and turn many of them into virtual zombies that can be manipulated to attack other computers. This is not the first time Apple has had to contend with a malware outbreak, but it is by far the largest and most public scar sullying the company's aura of invincibility.
Apple has been able to avoid such security problems in the past for a number of reasons. For nearly two decades, Microsoft's success has kept it in the crosshairs of cyber criminals by virtue of Windows's popularity and, at least early on, the company's inattentiveness to bolstering security as the operating system grew more complex. Beginning in 2003 Microsoft became infamous for 'Patch Tuesday,' a monthly release of security patches (sometimes dozens at a time) to fix problems in its operating system, along with Internet Explorer and other software. Apple was a relatively minor player in the PC market, attracting little attention from cyber criminals who could make more money exploiting Windows. The same year Microsoft introduced Patch Tuesday, Macs represented less than 1.5 percent of desktop computers and less than 3.5 percent of laptop computers worldwide.
Macs still represent only a small portion of the overall worldwide computer market, but their share has risen to roughly 7 percent in recent years and is expected to grow steadily. In the U.S., Apple last year owned more than 10 percent of the PC market, behind only HP and Dell, according to technology research firm Gartner. Mac users can expect more incidents like Flashback will follow.
'In the computer community we've been saying for five, six, seven years that Mac is not more immune to computer viruses than Windows PCs or even Linux boxes, ' says Nicolas Christin, associate director of Carnegie Mellon University's Information Networking Institute. 'The only reason Macs were not massively targeted is that they didn't have enough of a market share to make them interesting for a hacker to devote resources to try to compromise those machines. Now that they've acquired a fairly sizeable market share, it makes sense that the bad guys would focus some attention on the Mac platform.'
Popularity contest
Market share certainly plays a role, but in subtle ways, agrees Stefan Savage, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of California, San Diego. 'Clearly, if a platform is unpopular then there is really not much interest in focusing on it,' he adds. 'In this regard, a platform's security depends on its popularity and the level of effort versus reward—that is, what is the expected return on effort.'
For cyber attackers, the decision to write malware for a particular operating system is an investment requiring the development of new skills, the acquisition of new software programs, even the learning of new slang, Savage says. 'It's not something one does lightly,' he adds. 'Moreover, for malware there is an established ecosystem around Windows that really helps reinforce that platform's dominance [as a target], including malware-writing tools, markets to buy and sell malware, infrastructure to deploy malware and lots of open-source information on new exploitation techniques. It takes time to build that kind of community. Market share certainly drives such things, but there is quite a bit of inertia as well.'
Assessments of a computing platform's security can often be subjective, with the results often depending on a computer user's preference. There are, however, several areas where operating systems can be judged head to head, Savage says, adding that OS X has consistently been behind Windows in producing what have become standard security mechanisms. 'And I'm unaware of Apple putting the level of investment into security that Microsoft has.'
Of course, Microsoft's security woes in the past necessitated that the company invest heavily in security improvements. One of the company's more astute moves came in 2005 when it began hosting its BlueHat conferences at Microsoft's headquarters in Redmond, Wash. At BlueHat Microsoft engineers meet face to face with members of the hacker community to discuss vulnerabilities in Windows.
What is the difference?
OS X suffers from the same security flaws as Windows, and can be exploited just as maliciously by cyber criminals, says Antti Tikkanen, director of security response at F-Secure Corp., a Helsinki-based provider of security research and antivirus software. 'From the pure operating system viewpoint, I don't think there is a big difference between recent versions of Windows—Windows 7, in particular—and OS X with regard to security,' he says.
Given that the amount of effort required to successfully break into a Windows PC or a Mac is roughly the same, it comes down to economics. Cyber attackers want to infect as many computers as possible without investing more money to buy new types of malware—which can cost hundreds or even thousands of dollars—and without having to acquire new skills required to write malware for more than one platform, according to Tikkanen. Although malware that targets Windows PCs has existed on the black market for years, there is no real market for OS X malware or for tools designed to write OS X malware, he says, adding, 'This is what keeps the scale of attacks against OS X low: the current attackers need to build their own tools, and this limits the number of bad guys that will go after you.'
Java spills
Apple is making Java software patches as well as a Flashback-removal tool available on its Web site. Some security vendors have set up Web sites to test whether a Mac has been infected. Flashback found its way onto Macs by exploiting a flaw in Java, which translates certain Web applications into code that can executed by different operating systems, including OS X and Windows. Apple's patches, however, will work only for Macs running OS X Lion and Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard). Still, about 17 percent of Mac users—roughly 10 million people—are running older versions of OS X not eligible for any security updates. Those ineligible for a patch have been advised by a number of security experts to disable Java in their Web browsers, at least until they can update to Java's latest version.
Apple had known about the Java vulnerability since January, when Oracle Corp. (which owns the rights to Java after purchasing Java creator Sun Microsystems in 2009) issued a patch to correct the problem. Apple, however, does not use Oracle's patches and chose to write its own version, which it did not make available until April 12. Flashback did much of its damage during those three months.
Java has proved itself a security liability over the years, in part because most computer users do not regularly install the security patches required to keep the bad guys out of their computers, says Marcus Carey, security researcher for Rapid7, a Boston-based information-technology security services firm. The situation is worse for Mac users because they generally do not install antivirus software, which serves as another layer of protection, he adds.
Flashback's greatest legacy will likely be as a security wake-up call for Mac users. 'The attitude that Mac does not have malware is dated,' Tikkanen says. 'So Mac users should follow the same safety precautions as Windows users. My tip for both Mac and PC users would be to switch off Java if you don't need it, and remember to update the rest of your software.'

• Attack Of The Moonman Mac Os X
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Mac Tonight is a fictional character used in the marketing for McDonald's restaurants during the mid-1980s. Known for his crescent moon head, sunglasses and piano-playing, the character used the song 'Mack the Knife' which was made famous in the United States by Bobby Darin. Throughout the campaign, Mac was performed by actor Doug Jones in his fourth Hollywood job and voiced by Roger Behr.

Originally conceived as a promotion to increase dinner sales by Southern California licensees, Mac Tonight's popularity led McDonald's to take it nationwide in 1987. Although McDonald's ceased airing the commercials and retired the character after settling a lawsuit brought by Darin's estate in 1989, the company reintroduced the character nineteen years later throughout Southeast Asia in 2007.

History

Original marketing campaign (1986–1989)

The campaign was created locally for California McDonald's franchisees by Los Angeles advertising firm Davis, Johnson, Mogul & Colombatto.^[1] Looking to increase the after-4 p.m. dinner business, the agency was inspired by the song 'Mack the Knife' by Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht, which was made famous in the United States by Bobby Darin in 1959 and listened to different versions of it before opting to create an original version with new lyrics.^[1] After deciding not to feature real people or celebrities, the designers settled on an anthropomorphic crooner moon on a man's body with 1950s-style sunglasses; the song and style were designed to appeal to baby boomers and a revival of 1950s-style music in popular culture.^[1] The character, who played a grand piano atop either a floating cloud or a giant Big Mac (hence the name), was intended to garner a 'cult-like' following, e.g. Max Headroom.^[1]

From 1986 to 1987, the campaign expanded to other cities on the American West Coast. McDonald's said that the campaign had 'great success' while trade magazine Nation's Restaurant News announced that it had contributed to increases of over 10% in dinnertime business at some Californian restaurants.^[1] A crowd of 1,500 attended the visit of a costumed character to a Los Angeles McDonald's.^[1] Despite concerns that he was too typical of the West Coast, in February 1987 it was decided that the character would feature on national advertisements which went to air that September and he attracted a crowd of 1,000 in Boca Raton, Florida.^[1] During this period, Happy Meal toys modeled after the character were also released at participating McDonald's restaurants.^[2] A September 1987 survey by Ad Watch found that the number of consumers who recalled McDonald's advertising before any other doubled from the previous month, and was higher than any company since the New Coke launch in 1985.^[1]

Doug Jones performed Mac Tonight for over 27 commercials for three years. Years later in 2013, he recalled '[T]hat's when my career took a turn that I was not expecting. I didn't know that was a career option.'^[3] Mac Tonight's voice was provided by Roger Behr.^[4] Director Peter Coutroulis, who won a Clio Award for a previous campaign for Borax, pitched several commercials which did not air, including an E.T.-like one in which two astronomers watch Mac Tonight drive his Cadillac through the sky.^[1]

In 1989, Bobby Darin's son Dodd Mitchell Darin claimed that the song infringed upon his father's trademark without prior permission and filed a lawsuit as well as an injunction for the song to be removed from both TV and radio ads.^[5] As a response to the lawsuit, McDonald's stopped airing the commercials and retired the character after nearly four years of usage.

Reintroduction in Southeast Asia (2007)

In 2007, McDonald's brought back the character in territories throughout Southeast Asia such as in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines.^[6] The new Asian-exclusive campaign featured a CGI-animated Mac Tonight dancing atop a McDonald's restaurant while singing and playing a saxophone rather than a grand piano as he played in the original advertising campaign in the United States.^[7]

Animatronics

In addition to the advertising campaign, a number of McDonald's restaurants during the early 1990s were also fitted with Mac Tonight animatronic figures which featured the character seated in front of a piano and playing it.^[8] The most and only prominent McDonald's restaurant to still feature one of the animatronics is the World's Largest Entertainment McDonald's in Orlando, Florida.^[9] Other known locations include a Greenfield, Wisconsin McDonald's known as the Solid Gold McDonald's, prior to undergoing major renovations in 2011.^[10]

NASCAR

Between 1997 and 1998, McDonald's sponsored NASCAR Hall of Famer Bill Elliott with Mac Tonight featured on his car.^[11] In 2016, the Mac Tonight theme was McDonald's driver Jamie McMurray's Chip Ganassi Racing No. 1 Chevrolet SS throwback scheme for Darlington Raceway's Southern 500.^[12]

Legacy

Mac Tonight has appeared on the cover of Saint Pepsi's album Late Night Delight (with Luxury Elite).^[13][14] and an episode of The Simpsons, 'Kiss Kiss, Bang Bangalore'.^[2]

Moon Man

Moon Man is an unofficial parody of Mac Tonight in which the character is depicted as advocating for racism, white supremacy, antisemitism, neo-Nazism, terrorism, race war and genocide. The character originated in 2007 when Internet user 'farkle' created a site on the Internet community YTMND, which shown a video loop of Mac Tonight with the reggaeton song 'Chacarron Macarron' by El Chombo in the background. Using a text-to-speech program by AT&T, more Moon Man pages were created some of which included the program uttering 'KKK' (a nod to the Ku Klux Klan) repeatedly in the background audio. Other users made Moon Man sing and rap. The first such video had him performing 'Money in the Bank' by Lil Scrappy with few lyrical changes apart from Moon Man's name being inserted into the song and a chorus chanting for the Ku Klux Klan ('KKK, KKK, KKK'). Further videos were made portraying Moon Man as a racist.^[6]

In 2008, the YTMND Moon Man group was created to make and spread Moon Man content on YTMND. On October 2, 2008, a racist parody of 'Hypnotize' by the Notorious B.I.G., commonly known as 'Notorious KKK', was created by YTMND user MluMluxMlan. It gained over 119,000 views over the next seven years. In 2015, the character spread to websites such as 4chan and 8chan, as part of the alt-right movement. New songs were made supporting police brutality and celebrating the Orlando nightclub shooting.^[6] On June 1, 2015, an album of Moon Man songs was released under the title WhiteTopia with the YouTube version accumulating 130,000 views.^{[citation needed]}

Reception and impact

Salon compared Moon Man to Pepe the Frog, another meme labeled as a hate symbol.^[6] Moon Man also appeared in the background of a billboard in support of the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign for which far-right activist Charles C. Johnson raised funds to place in the swing state of Pennsylvania, depicting Pepe the Frog as Donald Trump guarding the wall on the Mexico–United States border.^[15]

YouTube consistently removes Moon Man videos for violating its community guidelines on hate speech, and AT&T has edited its text-to-speech software to filter out the character's name and obscenities.^[6] On September 26, 2019, the Anti-Defamation League added Moon Man to their database of hate symbols.^[16][17][18]

The racist and anti-Semitic Terrorist from Halle synagogue shooting used the meme before his attack. he puplised a Selfie on the date of 8. 8. 2019, showing him in uniform and with a button of the 'Moon Man'. The BKA investigators initially did not classify the picture as idiological due to ignorance and assigned it to the right-wing extremist online community.^[19]

References

Attack Of The Moonman Mac Os X

1. ^ ^abcdefghiPrescott, Eileen (November 29, 1987). 'The Making of 'Mac Tonight''. The New York Times. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
2. ^ ^abBurke, Timothy (December 22, 2014). 'Rape, Murder, Violent Racism: The Weirdest McDonald's Ad Campaign Ever'. Deadspin. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
3. ^Radish, Christina (June 26, 2013). 'Doug Jones Talks FALLING SKIES Season 3, the Makeup Process, His Career, His Desire to Make HELLBOY 3, and More'. Collider. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
4. ^'Roger Behr'. Patterson & Associates. Archived from the original on June 19, 2005.
5. ^'Darin's Son Sues McDonald's'. Deseret News. October 15, 1989. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
6. ^ ^abcdeSheffield, Matthew (October 25, 2016). 'Meet Moon Man: The alt-right's racist rap sensation, borrowed from 1980s McDonald's ads'. Salon. Archived from the original on January 29, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
7. ^Mac Tonight commercial in Southeast Asia (commercial). McDonald's Corporation. 2007.
8. ^Ocker, J.W. (March 21, 2012). 'Mac Tonight'. Odd Things I've Seen. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
9. ^Kubersky, Seth (March 16, 2016). 'World's Largest Entertainment McDonald's reopens on International Drive'. Attractions Magazine. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
10. ^Snyder, Molly (March 28, 2011). 'So long, Solid Gold McDonald's'. OnMilwaukee. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
11. ^'Driver Bill Elliott 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Results'. Racing-Reference.info. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
12. ^Jensen, Tom (August 15, 2016). 'Jamie McMurray unveils 'Mac Tonight' Darlington throwback scheme'. FoxSports.com. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
13. ^Beauchamp, Scott (August 18, 2016). 'How Vaporwave Was Created Then Destroyed by the Internet'. Esquire. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
14. ^Minor, Jordan (May 19, 2016). 'McDonald's Mac Tonight should make a comeback as the lead in a fast food cinematic universe'. Geek.com. Archived from the original on May 20, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
15. ^Kavanaugh, Shane Dixon (October 6, 2016). 'Trump-Inspired Pepe The Frog Billboards To Hit Battleground State'. Vocativ. Archived from the original on November 27, 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2016.
16. ^''OK' and Other Alt Right Memes and Slogans Added to ADL's Hate Symbols Database' (Press release). New York City: Anti-Defamation League. September 26, 2019. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
17. ^Allyn, Bobby (September 26, 2019). 'The 'OK' Hand Gesture Is Now Listed As A Symbol Of Hate'. Boise State Public Radio. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
18. ^Kunzelman, Michael (September 26, 2019). ''OK' hand gesture, 'Bowlcut' added to hate symbols database'. Associated Press. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
19. ^'Die Erkenntnisse aus dem Halle-Prozess'. tagesschau.de.

Attack Of The Moonman Mac Os Download

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